江南春雨和南海副热带高压的时间演变及其与东亚夏季风环流和降水的关系   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

万日金  王同美  吴国雄 《气象学报》2008,66(5):800-807

使用国家气象信息中心整理的逐日降水资料和NCEP/NCAR逐日再分析资料,创建了江南春雨建立时间指数和南海副热带高压(副高)减弱时间指数,研究了江南春雨各要素的相互关系及其与东亚夏季风环流和降水的关系.分析表明,当江南春雨建立较晚时,夏季江南地区的降水也较少,这是由于东亚夏季风加强,高原近侧气旋性环流加强,使江南地区出现异常反气旋性环流(气旋性辐合环流减弱)所致;当南海副高减弱较晚时,长江中下游至江南地区降水偏多,易发洪涝,这主要是由于东亚夏季风减弱,南海副高偏强,华南的异常西南风与围绕高原的异常反气旋环流的偏北风在长江中下游流域形成异常气旋性环流所致.江南春雨的建立时间和南海副高减弱时间之间又具有线性无关性,可以为东亚夏季风环流和降水异常的预报提供重要线索.两指数与3月ENSO综合指数MEI关系密切,表明东亚的气候异常与ENSO 全球气候异常紧密联系,因此在分析预测东亚气候异常时必须同时关注全球气候异常背景.  相似文献   

用前期大气环流指数预测新疆北部夏季降水的探讨   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

毛炜峄 《气象》2009,35(6):82-89

用1961-2007年新疆北部29站夏季(6-8月)降水资料,计算得到北疆夏季降水指数.以前期的月环流指数为因子,考虑相关系数的不稳定性,用滑动相关法初选因子,采用两级逐步回归的集合方案,尝试对北疆夏季降水指数进行预测.总样本数为47时,北疆夏季降水指数的拟合(预测)序列与原始序列之间的相关系数为0.7248.另外建立了10种不同总样本数的预测模型.经综合分析比较,以最终的统计集合预测效果最好,预测2008年北疆夏季降水将偏少,降水指数为106.9.结果表明:(1)滑动相关-逐步回归-集合预测方法以及在此基础上建立的统计集合预测模型具有一定的预测能力;(2)相关分析与时间序列分析相结合的思路和方法,可在季节、月等不同时间尺度的短期气候预测业务中应用.  相似文献   

内蒙古克什克腾旗浩来呼热古湖泊全新世以来的环境演变   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  

关友义  王永  姚培毅 《地质通报》2010,29(6):891-900

利用位于中国北方季风尾闾区的浩来呼热古湖泊沉积物中的硅藻化石重建了全新世以来的环境演变历史。根据硅藻组合的变化,可将浩来呼热古湖泊全新世以来的环境演变过程划分为6个阶段:阶段Ⅰ(12.1～11.5cal ka BP),气候以寒冷为主;阶段Ⅱ(11.5～8.6cal ka BP),温度有所回升,但存在一定的冷暖波动;阶段Ⅲ(8.6～6.7cal ka BP),气候仍相对偏凉,且比较干燥;阶段Ⅳ(6.7～5.8cal ka BP),气候开始转温;阶段Ⅴ(5.8～2.9cal ka BP),气候温暖偏湿,为全新世气候最适宜期;阶段Ⅵ(2.9～0.2cal ka BP),气候趋于凉干,湖水也越来越浅,最终在0.2cal ka BP前后干涸消失。  相似文献   

Microphytobenthic biomass and species composition in intertidal flats of the Nakdong River estuary, Korea   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

GuoYing Du  Moonho Son  Misun Yun  Soonmo An  Ik Kyo Chung   《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2009,82(4):663-672

Intertidal microphytobenthos (MPB) were investigated monthly from August 2006 to March 2008 at four different sites in the sand flats of Nakdong River estuary, Korea. Samples of surface sediment (ca. 1 cm) were collected, and chlorophyll a was extracted as biomass estimation. Species identification and enumeration were carried out by light microscopy, assisted where necessary by scanning electronic microscopy. Biomass varied between 0.47 and 16.58 μg cm⁻³, abundance changed from 5.25 to 414.75 × 10³ cells cm⁻³, while the Shannon diversity indexes ranged between 0.69 and 2.35 H′. Thirty-nine MPB taxa were identified, primarily composed of epipelic diatoms, among which Amphora and Navicula were the most abundant genera. Based on the biomass, abundance, species composition and their dynamics, MPB assemblages of sampling sites were grouped into three distinct communities corresponding to their sediment composition characteristics. Multivariate correlation analysis revealed that biomass was positively related to mud and very fine sand, negatively related to fine and medium sand, but not significantly related to environmental factors such as pore water nutrients, light intensity and salinity, which fluctuated rapidly during emersion period. Cluster analysis corroborated the division of MPB communities according to site types on seasonal scales, and also showed seasonality between sites by cluster of all summer groups. Principal component analysis identified that variability in species composition was significantly affected by mud, very fine sand, fine sand, light intensity, and sediment temperature. This study suggests that sediment composition plays an important role in the functioning of intertidal MPB communities in estuarine ecosystems.  相似文献   

油气化探异常综合评价指标与评价软件开发   总被引：2，自引：3，他引：2  

谢淑云  鲍征宇  任志高 《物探化探计算技术》2001,23(4):348-352

作者在本文中根据油气化探异常的特点，首先确定了评价区块（靶区）中各化探变量的异常点群和背景点群的划分，然后提出了异常强度系数、异常面积系数、异常中心位置、环形异常指数等四项指标作为单化探变量异常的特征指标。在此基础上，提出了油气化探异常靶区综合评价的指标体系，即综合异常强度系数、综合异常面积系数、综合环形异常指数和异常中心重合程度。依据这一评价指标体系的油气化探异常，评价软件已应用于大庆油田近十个工区的油气化探资料再开发，取得了令人满意的效果。  相似文献   

雷州半岛硅藻土中的硅藻及其化学成分   总被引：4，自引：5，他引：4  

冯璜  张惠芬 《矿物学报》1995,15(1):29-35,T002

本文论述雷州半岛各硅藻土矿床中的硅藻形态和种属。九斗洋和田洋钻孔样品中硅藻种属随深度而变化，由直链藻到了冠盘藻，直到小环藻。总结了对不同种属硅藻的硅质硬过峭同部位的Ｘ射线能谱成分分析和研究结果。  相似文献   

A Mineralogical Study of Diatomite in Leizhou Peninsula   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

王辅亚  张惠芬等 《中国地球化学学报》1995,14(2):140-151

In this paper diatomite samples taken from the Leizhou Peninsula have been studied by chemical analysis, DTA, TG, XRD, IR ,SEM and X-ray Energy Spectroscopy.The study shows that the diatomaceous genera and species and their organic contents are variable with buried depth ,from Melosira to Stephanodiscus and then to Cyclotella. Various impurities in the samples, such as quartz, kaolinite and montmorillonite indicate different sedimentary environments. When heated, the diatom would change in shape due to the phase transformation in which amorphous silica crystallized from disordered opal to ordered cristobalite. The temperatures of phase transformation are different for various diatoms due to the presence of different impurities and constituents of diatomaceous genera and species.  相似文献   

The feasibility and utility of a paleolimnology/paleoclimate data cooperative for North America   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

T. J. Sullivan  D. F. Charles 《Journal of Paleolimnology》1994,10(3):265-273

  相似文献   

Influence of Rock Mass Parameters on the Performance of a TBM in a Gneissic Formation (Varzo Tunnel)   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：4  

R. Ribacchi  A. Lembo Fazio 《Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering》2005,38(2):105-127

Summary The paper analyses the influence of rock mass quality on the performance of a double shield TBM in the excavation of a tunnel in a gneiss formation which is characterized by high strength and low fracture intensity.As full observation of the rock conditions was prevented by the use of segmental lining, a geomechanical survey of the face was performed during maintenance downtime and the observed conditions were correlated with the machine performance parameters for that same day. A statistical analysis of the data shows that penetration rate correlates well with a slightly modified RMR index (in which the influence of the water conditions and joint orientation were discounted), but the most important factor is by far the partial rating of the RMR classification related to joint spacing only. However in tunnels characterized by greater variability in rock strength and joint conditions, it could be worthwhile using the complete RMR index.Given the toughness of the rock, failure of the cutter bearings and supports were a frequent occurrence during excavation. Owing to this factor the influence of rock quality on the rate of advance was found to be weak and the correlation more scattered.The results obtained for the Varzo tunnel were compared with those relative to other tunnels in granitic rocks and found to be in good agreement. However the relationships obtained should be considered valid only for this type of rock; machine behaviour could be found to be markedly different in other rock types, even where rock material strength and joint frequency are the same.  相似文献   

滇西北山区土地持续利用动态评价与分析——以云南省永胜县为例   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9  

彭建  王仰麟  张源  蒋依依  叶敏婷 《地理研究》2006,25(3):406-414

以云南省永胜县为例,应用景观生态学原理,构建土地持续利用的时空耦合的综合评价指标体系,定量评价全县1996年、1999年和2001年间的土地利用可持续性动态,并构建指标贡献度与指标障碍度,定量表征各指标的相对作用强度。研究结果表明,研究时段内全县各乡镇土地利用可持续性整体均较低,相对差异大而稳定;区域土地利用系统在1999年前后发生了较大变化,偏离了土地持续利用目标;对全县各乡镇土地利用可持续性起重要贡献作用的因素主要是人口密度与土地利用程度指数,景观多样性与复种指数次之;主要障碍因素则是地均工农业总产值、粮食作物单产、景观破碎度,油料作物单产、单位面积耕地化肥使用量次之。  相似文献